Why Accurate Diagnosis and Timely Treatment of Bone Cysts Are Essential for Bone Health

R.L. Pandey

Lucknow. Bone cysts are a common issue related to bones, often caused by various factors and pathologies. These are abnormal cavities filled with fluid inside the bone. They can weaken the bone, increasing the risk of pain, discomfort, and fractures. Bone cysts have various origins and causes, and their treatment strategies may differ accordingly. Treatment may include surgery, injection of medications, or, in some cases, simple monitoring.

In most cases, the exact cause of bone cysts is not clear. However, major causes may include disturbances in bone blood flow, genetic issues, injuries, infections, benign and malignant tumors, and metabolic disorders like osteogenesis imperfecta. Symptoms can range from mild to severe pain, swelling, lumps, difficulty moving the affected bone, deformity, fractures, fatigue, or weakness. In some cases, there may be no symptoms, and the issue is discovered only during a routine check-up.

Dr. Akshay Tiwari, Senior Director of Musculoskeletal Oncology at Max Hospital Saket, explained, “There are several types of bone cysts, including simple or unicameral cysts, aneurysmal cysts, eosinophilic granuloma, infections like TB, and malignant tumors. The diagnosis of bone cysts is made through various methods. In addition to physical examination, imaging tools like X-rays, CT scans, and MRIs help in determining the exact location, size, and condition of these cysts. In some cases, biopsies and blood tests are conducted for further details.”

Dr. Akshay further stated, “The treatment for bone cysts depends on their nature, size, location, and the patient’s health condition. In simple cyst cases, observation might suffice, while in severe cases, surgery may be required. Curetage and bone grafting are done to remove the cysts. Sometimes, steroids or other medications are injected into the cysts. Pain management involves medications and bisphosphonate therapy. Techniques like angioembolization are used to block blood flow to the cysts, and splinting helps in preventing or correcting deformity and fractures.”

Timely treatment of bone cysts is crucial to prevent fractures, pain, and bone deformities. It is also essential to ensure that these cysts are properly differentiated from severe diseases like bone cancer. An experienced orthopedic oncology team can carry out this process accurately and effectively. With prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment, the outcome of bone cysts is typically excellent.